（本文最后更新于：2008-02-27 11:35:18）

项目简介

美国麻省理工学院（MIT）最著名的机器人教授可以说是Rodney A. Brooks了，这个机器人就是他的学生Cynthia Breazeal博士的作品，出自麻省理工学院计算机科学与人工智能实验室CSAIL的Humanoid Robotics Group。目前，Cynthia Breazeal博士已经成为麻省理工学院的一名老师，她创建了媒体实验室中有一个非常著名的小组——个人机器人小组（Personal Robots Group)。

Cynthia Breazeal博士在跟随大师Rodney A. Brooks教授学习的博士研究生阶段开始开发社交机器人，她是这个领域内当之无愧的先行者和实践者。

该项目的网站可以访问：

http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/humanoid-robotics-group/kismet/kismet.html

这里可以下载Kismet的两个视频：

（Quicktime (33 fps) -- (6.1 Meg)）http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/kismet/Kismet.QT3-T1-10f.mov

（ Quicktime (33 fps) -- (2.3 Meg)）http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/kismet/Kismet.QT3-56-7.5f.mov

机器人简介

在考虑到自主控制社交的人型机器人发生了戏剧性和耐人寻味的改变。传统上，自主机器人相对人类独立和偏远，往往在危险的地方执行任务。然而，在一系列新的应用领域中，机器人与其共同发展，并在其中发挥一些作用，使其逐渐成为人们日常生活中的一部分。

仿人机器人可以说是非常适合这一点。他们公用一个相似的形态，他们可以用人类的自然语言与我们沟通。例子包括面部表情，身体姿势，手势，凝视方向，色彩和声音。这些机器的这些自然沟通的能力是非常重要的。不过，在各种复杂环境和任务时，人类能够直接教导这些机器人这些能力也是非常重要的。在社会方面，上述两个领域都会更深入的研究。

Sociable Machines Project制定了一个叫做Kismet的机器人可以在平时与人传神的面对面的交际。通过婴儿式的成长、心理学、行为学和进化论，结合上述理论概念，教给Kismet参加到社会中去。为了做到这一点，Kismet通过听觉和视觉感知外界各种暗示，并提供信号给凝视的方向、面部表情、身体姿势、和声音。这个机器人已经被设计成能支持基本的社会能力，并最后在社会中扮演一个重要的角色和教师一起学习。

项目组发表论文

  • Breazeal, C. (2000), "Sociable Machines: Expressive Social Exchange Between Humans and Robots". Sc.D. dissertation, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT.
  • Breazeal, C. and Scassellati, B. (1999), "A context-dependent attention system for a social robot". In Proceedints of the Sixteenth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI99). Stockholm, Sweden. 1146--1151 [600Kb, gzip]
  • Breazeal, C. (1999), "Robot in Society: Friend or Appliance?". In Agents99 workshop on emotion-based agent architectures, Seattle, WA. 18-26. [1.86Mb, gzip]
  • Breazeal, C. and Scassellati, B. (1999), "How to build robots that make friends and influence people". To appear in IROS99, Kyonjiu, Korea. [2.5Mb, gzip]
  • Breazeal, C. (1999), "Imitation as Social Exchange between Humans and Robots", In Proceedings of the 1999 Symposium on Imitation in Animals and Artifacts (AISB99), Edinburg, Scotland. 96-104.
  • Breazeal, C. (1998), ``Learning by Scaffolding'', Ph.D. Thesis Proposal, M.I.T. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science.
  • Breazeal(Ferrell), C. and Scassellati, B. (2000), "Infant-like Social Interactions Between a Robot and a Human Caretaker". To appear in Special issue of Adaptive Behavior on Simulation Models of Social Agents, guest editor Kerstin Dautenhahn. [1.0Mb, gzip]
  • Breazeal(Ferrell), C. and Velasquez, J. (1998), "Toward Teaching a Robot `Infant' using Emotive Communication Acts". In Proceedings of 1998 Simulation of Adaptive Behavior, workshop on Socially Situated Intelligence, Zurich Switzerland. 25-40. [1.0Mb, gzip]
  • Breazeal(Ferrell), C. (1998), "Regulating Human-Robot Interaction using `emotions', `drives', and facial expressions". In Proceedings of 1998 Autonomous Agents workshop, Agents in Interaction -- Acquiring Competence Through Imitation, Minneapolis, MO. 14-21.
  • Breazeal(Ferrell), C. (1998), "Early Experiments using Motivations to Regulate Human-Robot Interaction". In Proceedings of 1998 AAAI Fall Symposium: Emotional and Intelligent, The Tangled Knot of Cognition, Orlando, FL. 31-36. [600Kb, gzip]
  • Breazeal(Ferrell), C. (1999), "A Motivational System for Regulating Human-Robot Interaction". In Proceedings of AAAI98, Madison, WI. 54-61.
  • Brooks, R., Breazeal, C., Marjanovic, M., Scassellati, B., and Williamson, M. (1998), "The Cog Project: Building a Humanoid Robot". In Computation for metaphors, analogy, and agents, C. Nehaniv (ed), Lecture notes in artificial intelligence 1562. New York, Springer. 52-87.
  • Brooks, R., Breazeal(Ferrell), C., Irie, R., Kemp, C., Marjanovic, M., Scassellati, B., and Williamson, M. (1998), "Alternative Essences of Intelligence"". In Proceedings of AAAI98, Madison, WI. 961-967. [400Kb, gzip]
  • Ferrell, C. and Kemp, C. (1996), "An Ontogenetic Perspective to Scaling Sensorimotor Intelligence". In Embodied Cognition and Action: Papers from the 1996 AAAI Fall Symposium, AAAI Press. 45-49. [30Kb, gzip]
  • Scassellati, B. (1998), "Imitation and Mechanisms of Joint Attention: A Developmental Structure for Building Social Skills on a Humanoid Robot", In Computation for metaphors, analogy, and agents, C. Nehaniv (ed), Lecture notes in artificial intelligence 1562. New York, Springer.
  • Scassellati, B. (1998), "Eye Finding via Face Detection for a Foveated, Active Vision System'', in Proceedings of AAAI98, Madison, WI.

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